Human Impact and Pressures

Change in Population Pressure Indicator (CPPI)

Anonymous — Thu, 08 Nov 2018 12:31:02 +0000

Change in Population Pressure Indicator (CPPI)

Anonymous Thu, 11/08/2018 - 08:31

How much potential impact may humans living in a protected area have on that protected area and on the habitats, species and ecological processes therein? How much of this potential impact is due to recent (15-year) increases in human population density? By identifying protected areas with low population density, it is possible to highlight locations that are likely to better conserve the species and ecological processes that are associated to more pristine conditions and that are more sensitive to the direct and indirect impacts from human activities. On the other hand, by identifying protected areas with a relatively high or increasing population density, it is possible to suggest in which locations it is likely most necessary to ensure an effective management of the human-nature relationships and the sustainability of human activities. In these locations, a priority would be to orient human activities and livelihoods in ways that are compatible with the conservation targets, such as ecotourism and other regulated recreation activities, or supporting traditional modes of rural development that have been compatible with the persistence of the biodiversity values of the protected area.

Indicator unit: The PPI assesses human population density for a given area in year 2015, expressed as the average number of people per km2 . The CPPI assesses the percent change in human population density for the same area from 2000 to 2015.

Area of interest: PPI and CPPI have been calculated for each terrestrial protected area and for the terrestrial parts of each coastal protected areas. To assess pressures around protected areas, we further computed the indicators for the 10 km unprotected buffer zone around the protected areas of size ≥ 5 km2 . PPI and CPPI are reported in DOPA Explorer for each terrestrial and coastal protected area of size ≥ 1 km2 and their unprotected buffers (values for buffers are reported only for protected areas of size ≥ 5 km2 ). We further show trends regarding the changes in rural and urban population at the country level.

---

Data Uploaded by Luca Battistella using the Digital Observatory for Protected Areas Services (2022)

ATG

BHS

BRB

BLZ

CUB

DMA

DOM

GRD

GUY

HTI

JAM

KNA

LCA

VCT

SUR

TTO

Technical Reference/Fact Sheet

DOPA Factsheet

Source

Source:

Ranking

off

Make Map Points

Off

Pressure

Human intrusions & disturbance

National Data

DOPA Change in Population Pressure Indicator

PPI can be used to assess the relative potential impact that human population may have on the biodiversity and ecological integrity of a protected area, while CPPI is useful as a proxy of the changes in the potential impacts of human population in a protected area over the last 15 years. Because about 40% of the world’s population lives within 100 kilometers of the coast, a figure that is constantly increasing, this indicator is particularly useful to assess pressures on coastal protected areas. There are several reasons why a high or increasing human population density in a protected area may be of concern and lead to negative outcomes for the conservation of the habitats, species and ecological processes therein (see e.g. Mcdonald et al., 2009; Güneralp & Seto, 2013). First, human activities may increase pollution, noise and light disturbance in marine and terrestrial protected areas. Second, human settlements and built-up areas may cause, by themselves, some habitat loss and degradation, as well as trigger additional unregulated land cover and land use changes or extractive activities within the protected area. Third, human presence in the protected area may in some cases, if not properly regulated, directly reduce wildlife populations through poaching and overfishing. Fourth, some species may avoid or be found at lower abundances near human settlements, as related to the impacts just mentioned. Fifth, a higher human population density may increase the number and the spread rates of invasive species, including new diseases to which native species may have no or may only have a weak immunity response, as well as of disturbances like forest fires. Even if no invasions of alien species occur, humans may also indirectly favor the abundance of more generalist, cosmopolitan species in detriment of the specialist species that are associated to largely undisturbed habitats, which are usually those species of higher conservation concern. Although the PPI and CPPI do not separately evaluate each of these pressures or potential effects, they provide a general assessment of the potential combined magnitude of all these impacts that may be associated to human populations living in a protected area. These impacts are exacerbated in protected areas with poor management, enforcement or institutional support, and are likely to be significantly lower in effectively managed protected areas in which the impacts of humans on biodiversity and ecosystems are minimized through appropriate regulation and support to the activities, such as traditional ones, that are compatible with the conservation objectives. Protected areas can in many cases, if they are well managed, supported and funded, provide opportunities for enhancing the livelihoods of local communities, promoting job creation and reducing poverty, as well as help to maintain the ecosystem services on which many communities depend, thereby contributing both to biodiversity conservation and to the long-term sustainability of human activities in and around protected areas (Scherl et al., 2004; EU 2015). For further discussions on population growth near protected areas, we also refer to Wittemyer et al. (2008) and Joppa, Loarie & Pimm (2009) who obtain contradicting conclusions.

https://dopa-services.jrc.ec.europa.eu/services/d6dopa/dopa_41/get_de_country_pa_stats?format=json&c_un_m49=NUM

wdpaid

WDPAID

{"name":"Protected area (WDPA ID)", "show": true, "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"category", "data":"pa_name"}

{"name":"Percent change", "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"value", "data":"ppi_change"}

{"name":"Percent change in human population density 2000-2015", "type":"bar", "bp_count":"Percent change in human population density 2000-2015", "data":"ppi_change"}

Ascending

REST

un_m49

Topic

Human Impact and Pressures

Country extinction-risk footprints

Manager — Tue, 07 Jun 2022 14:09:45 +0000

Country extinction-risk footprints

Manager Tue, 06/07/2022 - 10:09

A new study quantified how the consumption habits of people in each country, through trade and supply networks, imperil threatened and near-threatened terrestrial species of amphibians, mammals and birds. For the study, recently published in Scientific Reports, researchers used a metric called the extinction-risk footprint. The team found that 76 countries are net “importers” of this footprint, meaning they drive demand for products that contribute to the decline of endangered species abroad. Other countries, e.g. Madagascar, Tanzania, are designated as net “exporters,” meaning their extinction-risk footprint is driven more by consumption habits in other countries. In several countries domestic consumption is the most significant driver of extinction risk within those nations. Learn more: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-09827-0

This sub-dataset provides detail on each country's extinction-risk footprint. A global level, the map shows the impact of global consumption on the species found within that country’s borders in percentage. A national level, the map shows the imported and exported consumption for each country. The imported extinction-risk footprint is a result of consumption within the country driving extinction risk in other countries, and its exported extinction risk footprint is a result of consumption outside of the country driving the extinction risk within the country.

Uploaded by Simona Lippi (Using BIOPAMA GEONODE)

Technical Reference/Fact Sheet

Source:Irwin, A., Geschke, A., Brooks, T.M. et al. Quantifying and categorising…

Ranking

off

Make Map Points

Off

Pressure

Human intrusions & disturbance

Global Data

National extinction-risk footprints

https://geonode-rris.biopama.org/geoserver/geonode/ows?service=wfs&version=1.1.0&request=getfeature&MAXFEATURES=9999&typename=geonode:footprint_risk&PROPERTYNAME=isoa3_id,terr_foot,&outputFormat=application/json

isoa3_id

iso3

{"name":"Country", "show": true, "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"category", "data":"isoa3_id"}

{"name":"Territorial footprint as % of global total", "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"value", "data":"terr_foot"}

{"name":"Territorial footprint as % of global total", "type":"bar", "bp_count":"Territorial footprint as % of global total", "data":"terr_foot"}

Descending

External Map Data

features

https://geonode-rris.biopama.org/geoserver/geonode/wms?

Natural Breaks (Jenks)

sequential-8

National Data

Countries ‘Import’ and ‘Export’ Extinction Risk

A national level, the map shows the imported and exported consumption for each country. The imported extinction-risk footprint is a result of consumption within the country driving extinction risk in other countries, and its exported extinction risk footprint is a result of consumption outside of the country driving the extinction risk within the country.

isoa3_id

iso3

{"name":"Country", "show": true, "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"category", "data":"isoa3_id"}

{"name":"% Consumption footprint imported", "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"value", "data":"foot_impor"}

{"name":"% Consumption footprint imported", "type":"bar", "bp_count":"% Consumption footprint imported", "data":"foot_impor"}

{"name":"% Territorial footprint exported", "type":"bar", "bp_count":"% Territorial footprint exported", "data":"foot_expor"}

Descending

REST

features

https://geonode-rris.biopama.org/geoserver/geonode/wms?

Natural Breaks (Jenks)

sequential-6

Topic

Human Impact and Pressures

Palm oil plantations-Small holdings

Anonymous — Wed, 30 Sep 2020 14:56:01 +0000

Palm oil plantations-Small holdings

Anonymous Wed, 09/30/2020 - 10:56

Oil seed crops, especially oil palm, are among the most rapidly expanding agricultural land uses, and their expansion is known to cause significant environmental damage. Accordingly, these crops often feature in public and policy debates, which are hampered or biased by a lack of accurate information on environmental impacts. This dataset presents a global crop map. It covers areas where oil palm plantations were detected at global scale, and includes industrial and smallholder mature oil palm plantations.

---

Data Uploaded by Luca Battistella using BIOPAMA Services (2021)

Source

Source:

Ranking

off

Make Map Points

Off

Pressure

Agriculture & aquaculture

Global Data

Palm oil small holdings surface

Palm oil small holdings surface (sqkm)

https://api.biopama.org/api/oilpalm/function/api_country?fields=iso3,v2_area_sqkm

iso3

{"name":"Country", "show": true, "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"category", "data":"iso3"}

{"name":"Area_sqkm", "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"value", "data":"v2_area_sqkm"}

{"name":"Area_sqkm", "type":"bar", "bp_count":"Area_sqkm", "data":"v2_area_sqkm"}

Descending

REST

Natural Breaks (Jenks)

sequential-1

Topic

Human Impact and Pressures

Population Pressure Indicator (PPI)

Anonymous — Thu, 08 Nov 2018 12:25:14 +0000

Population Pressure Indicator (PPI)

Anonymous Thu, 11/08/2018 - 08:25

---

Data Uploaded by Luca Battistella using the Digital Observatory for Protected Areas Services (2022)

ATG

BHS

BRB

BLZ

CUB

DMA

DOM

GRD

GUY

HTI

JAM

KNA

LCA

VCT

SUR

TTO

Technical Reference/Fact Sheet

DOPA Factsheet

Source

Source:

Ranking

off

Make Map Points

Off

Pressure

Human intrusions & disturbance

Add Map Layers

Population 2015

{ "id": "ghsl_population_15", "type": "raster", "source": { "type": "raster", "tiles": [ "https://geospatial.jrc.ec.europa.eu/geoserver/dopa_explorer_3/wms?bbox={bbox-epsg-3857}&service=WMS&request=GetMap&layers=ghsl_population_15&format=image%2Fpng&transparent=true&version=1.1.1&height=256&width=256&srs=EPSG%3A3857" ], "tileSize": 256 }, "paint": {} }

https://geospatial.jrc.ec.europa.eu/geoserver/dopa_explorer_3/ows?service=WMS&request=GetLegendGraphic&format=image%2Fpng&width=20&height=20&layer=ghsl_population_15

National Data

DOPA Population Pressure Indicator

PPI

https://dopa-services.jrc.ec.europa.eu/services/d6dopa/dopa_41/get_de_country_pa_stats?format=json&c_un_m49=NUM

wdpaid

WDPAID

{"name":"Protected area (WDPA ID)", "show": true, "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"category", "data":"pa_name"}

{"name":"Average number of people per km2", "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"value", "data":"ppi"}

{"name":"Average number of people per km2", "type":"bar", "bp_count":"Average number of people per km2", "data":"ppi"}

Ascending

REST

un_m49

Topic

Human Impact and Pressures

What is the conservation status of the fish stocks?

Manager — Tue, 19 Apr 2022 19:13:41 +0000

What is the conservation status of the fish stocks?

Manager Tue, 04/19/2022 - 15:13

A fundamental requirement for productive fisheries is maintenance of the biodiversity that offers natural systems resilience against changing conditions.(FAO, State of World Fishery and Aquaculture 2020). Threatened marine fish species can be legally caught in industrial fisheries and moreover according to FAO, annual estimate of fisheries interactions with at least 20 million individuals of endangered, threatened and/or protected species. Here we show the catch records (tonnes) of globally threatened species in the EEZ by country in the last 10 years.

---

Data Uploaded by Simona Lippi using BIOPAMA Services (2022)

Response (Policies and Goals/Targets)

14.4 By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing

Goal 14. Protect marine ecosystems

14.4 By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing

Ranking

off

Make Map Points

Off

State

fishery

Pressure

Human intrusions & disturbance

Global Data

What is the conservation status of the fish stocks?

https://geonode-rris.biopama.org/geoserver/geonode/ows?service=wfs&version=1.1.0&request=getfeature&MAXFEATURES=9999&typename=geonode:wild_threat_catch0&PROPERTYNAME=isoa3_id,tot_catch,tot_threat,&outputFormat=application/json

isoa3_id

iso3

{"name":"country", "show": true, "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"category", "data":"isoa3_id"}

{"name":"sum of threatened fish catch in tonnes", "nameLocation": "middle", "nameGap": 80, "type":"value", "data":"tot_threat"}

{"name":"Total sum threatened fish catch in tonnes", "type":"bar", "bp_count":"Total sum threatened fish catch in tonnes", "data":"tot_threat"}

{"name":"total sum fish catch in tonnes", "type":"bar", "bp_count":"total sum fish catch in tonnes", "data":"tot_catch"}

Descending

Yes

External Map Data

features

https://geonode-rris.biopama.org/geoserver/geonode/wms?

Natural Breaks (Jenks)

diverging-2

Topic

Human Impact and Pressures